The Philosophy of Book Reports

Second Edition

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(Copyright Ð'©2001 SYBEX , Inc., Alameda, CA) Copyright Ð'©2001SYBEX , Inc., Alameda, CA

A+Ð'® Complete

Study Guide

Second Edition

David Groth and Dan Newland

with

Jarret Buse, Lisa Donald, Joseph Dreissen,

Dan Haglund, Robert King,

Michelle Roudebush, Charles Strother

San Francisco Ð'* Paris Ð'* DÐ"јsseldorf Ð'* Soest Ð'* London

(Copyright Ð'©2001 SYBEX , Inc., Alameda, CA) Copyright Ð'©2001SYBEX , Inc., Alameda, CA

(www.sybex.com) www.sybex.com

Associate Publisher: Neil Edde

Contracts and Licensing Manager: Kristine O'Callaghan

Acquisitions and Developmental Editor: Elizabeth Hurley

Editors: Brianne Hope Agatep, Sally Engelfried, Judy Flynn

Production Editor: Shannon Murphy

Technical Editors: Mark Kovach, Michelle A. Roudebush

Book Designer: Bill Gibson

Graphic Illustrators: Duane Bibby, Tony Jonick

Electronic Publishing Specialists: Judy Fung, Jill Niles

Proofreaders: Jennifer Campbell, Nanette Duffy, Dennis Fitzgerald, Leslie Higbee Light, Laurie O'Connell,

Yariv Rabinovitch, Nancy Riddiough

Indexer: Rebecca R. Plunkett

CD Coordinator: Kara Eve Schwartz

CD Technician: Keith McNeil

Cover Designer: Archer Design

Cover Photographer: Tony Stone Images

Copyright Ð'© 2001 SYBEX Inc., 1151 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501. World rights reserved. No part of this

publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way, including but not limited to photocopy, photograph, magnetic, or other record, without the prior agreement and written permission of the publisher.

First edition copyright Ð'© 1999 SYBEX Inc.

Library of Congress Card Number: 00-111515

ISBN: 0-7821-2802-5

SYBEX and the SYBEX logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of SYBEX Inc. in the United States and/or other

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Some screen reproductions produced with FullShot 99. FullShot 99 Ð'© 1991-1999 Inbit Incorporated. All rights reserved.

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The CD interface was created using Macromedia Director, COPYRIGHT 1994, 1997-1999 Macromedia Inc. For more

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Sybex is an independent entity from CompTIA, and not affiliated with CompTIA in any manner. Neither CompTIA nor

Sybex warrants that use of this publication will ensure passing the relevant exam. A+ is either a registered trademark or

trademark of CompTIA in the United Sates and/or other countries.

TRADEMARKS: SYBEX has attempted throughout this book to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms

by following the capitalization style used by the manufacturer.

The author and publisher have made their best efforts to prepare this book, and the content is based upon final release software whenever possible. Portions of the manuscript may be based upon pre-release versions supplied by software manufacturer(s). The author and the publisher make no representation or warranties of any kind with regard to the completeness

or accuracy of the contents herein and accept no liability of any kind including but not limited to performance, merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose, or any losses or damages of any kind caused or alleged to be caused directly or

indirectly from this book.

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To Our Valued Readers:

In recent years, CompTIA's A+ program has established itself as one of the most resepcted entry-level

IT certifications. Sybex is proud to have helped thousands of A+ candidates prepare for their exam,

and we are excited about the opportunity to continue to provide people with the skills they'll need to

succeed in the highly competitive IT industry.

CompTIA recently revised the exams required for the A+ certification, updating the material to reflect

new developments in hardware and operating systems technologies. They have also expanded the

question pool in order to make the exams more challenging and prevent the dreaded paper-certification

syndrome, in which individuals obtain a certification without