History of Psychoananlysis

HISTORY OF

PSYCHOANALYSIS:

HOW IT AFFECT

PERSONALITY

Maranda Leggett

Theories of Personality

January 31, 2001

MWF 12:00 - 1:00pmFor years many have wondered what is it that shapes personality. The true question is, "What is psychology". This definition if broad and in varies from culture to the social setting. With the though of this does Cattell's definition

stand true.

Personality is that which permits a prediction of wht a person will do in a given situation/personality is... concerned with all behavior of the individual both overt and under the skin (Cattell 50).

Under the skin could this mean in the unconscious? When I think of the word unconscious the definition

of psychoanalysis comes to mind.

Psycholoanalysis is a method for learning about the mind, and also a theory, a way of understanding the processes of normal everyday mental functioning and the stages of normal development from infancy to old age. Individuals are often unaware of many of the fctors that determine emotions and behavior. These unconscious factors may create unhappiness, sometimes in the for of recognizable symptoms and at other times as troubling personality traits difficulties in work in love relationship, or disturbances in mood and self esteem.

When looking at these definitions it isn't difficult to see how the two affect each other. There are two people who had big influences on psycho analysis and psychology.

The Early years of Freud

Born to the parents of a forty year old wool merchant, Jacob Freud, and a 20 year old, Amallie Nathansohn Freud, was born may 6 in freiberg Austrian 1856 and he was the first of eight children born to his mother in the course of ten years (textbook n.p.g.).

Freud was an outstanding student and always being at the top he graduated at the head of his highschool. He entered medical school at the university of Vienna at the age of seventeen. It took him almost eight years to finish a four year program. Freud chose medical school because medicine was one of the few careers open to a jew in Austria at the time (textbook p ). Freud wasn't interested in the medical field though he saw medicine as a key, to engage in scientific research. Freud hoped to be a professor in neurology and did many things to follow this dream, he was disappointed to find that advancement in neurology would be slow for a jew and he knew that he didn't have enough many. April 25, 1986 Freud entered a private practice as a clinical neurologist.

During his years of study he married Martha Bernay to whom he had been engaged to since 1882 and he had three boys and three girls. (Garcia 208). The only one who followed Freud's footsteps was his daughter named Anna, who grew up and became a leader in the field of psychology (Gay 67).

Freud received a small grant that allowed him to study with the famous French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot who was experiementing with hypnotism. At the time Jean-Martin Charcot was considered second in prominence to only Louis Pasteur. At this time Charcot was working with patients who suffered from a mentall illness called hysteria. Some of these people appeared to be blind or paralyzed, but they actually had no physical defects. Charcot found that physical symptoms could be relieved through hypnosis (Garcia 209). He later left.

Realizing that the unconscious is important

Freud returned to Vienna in 1886 and began to work extensively with hysterical patients. While discussing a case Freud said:

In the study of hysteria, local diagnosis electrical reaction do not come into picture while discussing the exhausted account of mental processes, of the kind we were accustomed to having from imaginative writers, enables me by the application of a few psychological formulas, to obtain a right in the form of hysteria."

Even though Freud tried hysteria, he stopped because he found his patients wasn't being hypnotized (textbooklllllll). He gradually formed his illness. He called the fundamental pf psychoanalysis, which if known also as free association, for his theories and his methods. When freuds ideas were first present there were many reactions some were hostile and others were attracted to these ideas. By 1910 he had gained international

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